Hand tools for shaping and finishing

Basic tools such as nail files, buffers, cuticle pushers, nippers and dust brushes are used to shape the nail and refine the surface before and after gel application. Grit values (for example 100/180) indicate how coarse the file is – lower numbers are more abrasive.

• Files & buffers – for shortening, shaping and gently removing surface shine.
• Cuticle tools – pushers and scissors/nippers for removing non-living tissue.
• Brushes – for gel application, clean-up around the cuticle and dust removal.
• Magnets & tools for nail art – for cat-eye gels, gradients and detailed designs.

E-files / nail drills

Nail drills (e-files) are used for controlled removal of product and refinement of overlays. Different bits (carbide, ceramic, diamond) and shapes are used for specific tasks such as debulking, surface smoothing or cuticle area refinement.

• Start with moderate speed and keep the bit moving to avoid heat build-up.
• Use fine or extra-fine bits around the cuticle area and on natural nail surfaces.
• Work with dust extraction or masks to reduce inhalation of nail dust.
• Disinfect tools and change disposable abrasives (file bands, buffers) between clients.

Why proper prep matters

Good nail prep supports adhesion and wear time of gel systems and helps avoid lifting at the edges. The goal is to remove contaminants and non-living tissue while preserving the integrity of the natural nail.

Key prep steps

1. Wash and dry hands; disinfect according to your salon protocol.
2. Shape the free edge with an appropriate file grit for natural nails.
3. Gently push back the cuticle and remove only non-living tissue with suitable tools.
4. Lightly remove surface shine with a 180–240 grit file or buffer; avoid deep grooves.
5. Remove dust thoroughly with a brush or dust blower before applying base gel.

Points to keep in mind

• Avoid excessive pressure or over-filing on the natural nail plate.
• Use separate tools for each client or disinfect according to hygiene guidelines.
• Combine the right prep technique with the recommended base gel of your system.

UV vs UV/LED nail lamps

Modern UV/LED lamps often use dual-wavelength LEDs at 365 nm and 405 nm. This spectrum is designed to activate the photoinitiators used in most contemporary gel systems. Lamps around 48W (total nominal power) are common in professional use.

How to use UV/LED lamps effectively

• Follow the curing times recommended by the gel manufacturer for each layer.
• Place the hand fully inside the lamp so the thumbs receive enough light.
• Keep the reflective surfaces and LEDs clean for consistent output.
• Do not shorten curing times; under-cured gels can remain partially uncured inside the layer.

What to consider when choosing a lamp

• Dual-wave 365/405 nm LEDs for broad compatibility with Korean gel systems.
• Power around 48W for salon work; consider the number and position of LEDs, not just the wattage.
• Comfort features such as low-heat mode, automatic timers and open design for easy hand placement.
• Use the lamp as a closed system with the gels it was tested with when possible.